Microwave sterilization is the result of the combined thermal and biological effects of microwaves. The thermal effect of microwaves on bacteria is to denature proteins, causing bacteria to lose their nutrition, reproduction, and survival conditions and die; The biological effect is that the microwave electromagnetic field changes the potential distribution of the cell membrane cross-section, affecting the concentration of electrons and ions around the cell, thereby altering the permeability of the cell membrane. As a result, cells are malnourished, unable to metabolize normally, their structural functions are disrupted, and their growth and development are inhibited, leading to death.

Microwave energy has finally been utilized as an energy source for industrial projects such as heating, drying, insecticidal, sterilization, and medical applications. The first of its kind was in the food industry, and the emergence of household microwave ovens further expanded the application areas of microwave heating technology. Nowadays, microwave heating as a new technology has received high attention and application development in various disciplines.

at presentChina has gradually adopted microwave technology in industries such as leather, wood, color printing, food, paper, chemicals, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, building materials, rubber, and healthcare, and has achieved good economic benefits. Microwave energy technology, as a new processing method, has had a great impact on the technological transformation and equipment updates of various industries. Especially at this stage, what is facing all operators is to solve the problem of product structure and social demand, and adapt to the increasing requirements of social development for product quality and variety. One of its focuses is insufficient technological innovation and lagging quality upgrades. The emergence of microwave technology provides favorable conditions for improving product quality, keeping up with technological progress, and creating high value-added products.